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Functional fixedness refers to a cognitive bias that limits a person’s ability to use an object in a novel way. This phenomenon occurs when individuals see objects only in terms of their typical functions, which can restrict creative problem-solving and innovative thinking.

The uniqueness of an object plays a significant role in how we perceive its potential uses. Unique objects are often less associated with specific functions compared to common or familiar objects. Because they do not carry the same preconceived notions about their utility, individuals may be more open to exploring alternative uses for them. For instance, a unique object might be out of context, prompting a fresh perspective that allows for more creative applications.

In contrast, common objects tend to evoke strong associations with specific uses—like a hammer for driving nails—leading to higher levels of functional fixedness. Familiar or metaphorical objects might also carry stronger traditional uses or interpretations, which can further reinforce fixed perspectives about their functions.

Thus, the recognition that unique objects stimulate greater creativity and less functional fixedness justifies why they would present the lowest levels of this bias compared to other types of objects.