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Deductive reasoning is the correct answer because it is a logical process where conclusions are drawn from general premises or facts that are assumed to be true. In deductive reasoning, if the premises are valid and the reasoning is sound, the conclusion must also be true. This process involves starting with a general statement or hypothesis and examining the possibilities to reach a specific conclusion.

For example, if one premise states that "all humans are mortal" and another confirms that "Socrates is a human," one can deduce that "Socrates is mortal." This showcases how deductive reasoning allows for clear relationships to be established based on the information given in the premises.

In contrast, inductive inference is focused on making generalizations based on specific observations. Cognitive dissonance refers to the psychological discomfort experienced when holding two contradictory beliefs, which does not involve deducing relationships. Comparative analysis entails examining two or more items to identify similarities and differences and is more about evaluation than deducing direct relationships between premises.