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The term 'analogical transfer' refers to the ability to apply knowledge or strategies learned from one context to solve problems in a different but similar context. When individuals encounter a new situation that resembles a previous experience, they can draw parallels and use insights gained from that earlier situation to facilitate problem-solving in the new context. This cognitive ability relies on recognizing relationships between the two situations and effectively transferring learned solutions or approaches.

For instance, if a person has solved a complex math problem using a particular method, they may encounter a different math problem that shares similarities. By recognizing the analogy between the two problems, the individual can apply the same method they previously used to arrive at a solution for the new problem.

In contrast, memorizing problem solutions focuses strictly on recalling information without necessarily understanding its application in different contexts. Overlooking details may impede problem-solving as it can lead to errors or misinterpretations. The trial and error process involves repeated attempts to solve a problem until achieving success, but it doesn't emphasize the transfer of analogies from previous experiences.